Europaweite Videoüberwachung an Schlachthöfen und Dokumentation
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/ #16492014-01-15 21:19Ärzte Zeitung App, 15.01.2014 Neue Theorie Zu viel Fleisch und Käse rufen Diabetes hervor Stehen Fleisch, Wurst und Käse regelmäßig auf der Speisekarte, droht offenbar Diabetes. Da hilft es auch nicht, wenn man außerdem viel Obst und Gemüse verzehrt. Von Christine Starostzik Viel Fleisch kann zur Azidose führen. © Josh Resnick / shutterstock VILLEJUIF. Die westliche Ernährungsweise mit viel Fleisch, Wurst und anderen säurebildenden Lebensmitteln kann zu einer chronischen Azidose führen, die sich durch den Verzehr von Obst und Gemüse nicht mehr ausgleichen lässt. Ein solches Ungleichgewicht spielt neueren Untersuchungen zufolge möglicherweise eine Rolle bei einigen kardiometabolischen Störungen wie etwa dem Typ-2-Diabetes. Nach Zusammenhängen suchten Gay Fagherazzi und Kollegen von der Universität Paris-Süd in Villejuif (Diabetologia 2013; online 11. November). Sie beobachteten insgesamt 66.485 Frauen der E3N-Kohorte, einer prospektiven Kohortenstudie mit französischen Lehrerinnen, die einen Teil der European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) bildet, 14 Jahre lang im Hinblick auf die Entwicklung eines Diabetes. Die Säurebelastung der Nahrung wurde aus der endogenen Säurenettoproduktion (NEAP mEq/Tag) und der potenziellen renalen Säurebelastung (PRAL mEq/Tag) berechnet. Riskante Kombination: Sauer und schlank Innerhalb des Beobachtungszeitraums wurde bei 1372 Frauen ein Typ-2-Diabetes festgestellt. Eine säurebelastende Ernährung ("High-PRAL-Diät" mit viel Fleisch, Fisch, Käse, Brot und süßen Getränken) ging im Vergleich zu einer "Low-PRAL-Diät" (mehr Milchprodukte, Obst, Gemüse und Kaffee) sowohl mit einer höheren täglichen Kalorienzufuhr als auch mit einem höheren Fett- und Proteingehalt, einer höheren Phosphor-, Kalzium- und Natrium- und einer geringeren Magnesiumaufnahme einher. Der Vergleich des obersten PRAL-Quartils mit dem untersten ergab nach Berücksichtigung des Alters und verschiedener Variablen wie auch der Ernährungsweise einen signifikanten Anstieg beim Typ-2-Diabetes mit steigender Säurelast der Niere (HR 1,56). Dies lässt vermuten, dass sich der Diabetes unabhängig von der Art der Lebensmittel, mit denen die Säurebelastung zustande kam, entwickelt hat. Bei Frauen mit einem BMI ‹ 25 kg/m2 hatte sich das Risiko sogar fast verdoppelt (HR 1,96). Mehr aufs Säure-Basen-Gleichgewicht achten Zwar stieg das Diabetesrisiko auch bei den Übergewichtigen mit zunehmender Säurebelastung, die HR erreichte aber nur einen Wert von 1,28. Ähnliche Zusammenhänge beobachteten die Autoren für den NEAP-Score. Fazit der Autoren: In dieser großen prospektiven Studie konnte erstmals gezeigt werden, dass die Säurebelastung durch die Nahrung positiv mit dem Typ-2-Diabetes-Risiko assoziiert ist, und zwar unabhängig von weiteren Risikofaktoren, die die Entwicklung eines Diabetes begünstigen können. Werden diese Ergebnisse mit anderen Probandengruppen bestätigt, könnte dies zu der Empfehlung führen, in der Prävention des Typ-2-Diabetes noch mehr auf das Säure-Basen-Gleichgewicht der Lebensmittel zu achten. | |
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